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SV Technocrats India’s Variable Compression Ratio (VCR) Engine Test Rig is an advanced tool designed for research and educational purposes, providing insights into how changing the compression ratio impacts engine performance, efficiency, and emissions. Below are the main components, functionality, and applications of a VCR engine test rig:

Key Components:

1.      Variable Compression Mechanism:

  1. Enables adjustment of the engine's compression ratio by altering the clearance volume (e.g., through an adjustable cylinder head or movable piston mechanism).

2.      Engine Unit:

  1. Typically a single-cylinder engine for simplicity in research, but multi-cylinder configurations can also be used.

3.      Control Panel:

  1. Contains controls for compression ratio adjustment, throttle, and engine parameters.

4.      Dynamometer:

  1. Measures engine power output and torque.

5.      Instrumentation:

  1. Sensors to measure parameters like pressure, temperature, speed, and fuel consumption.

  2. Combustion analysis tools like a piezoelectric pressure transducer and crank angle encoder for generating P-V and heat release curves.

6.      Fuel Supply System:

  1. Includes options for petrol, diesel, or alternative fuels.

7.      Cooling System:

  1. Maintains engine temperature within operational limits.

8.      Exhaust Gas Analyzer:

  1. Measures emissions (e.g., CO, NOx, HC, CO₂) to assess environmental performance.

9.      Data Acquisition System (DAQ):

  1. Logs all relevant parameters and enables real-time monitoring and post-analysis.

Features:

  • Adjustable compression ratio range (e.g., 6:1 to 12:1).

  • Compatibility with various fuel types (petrol, diesel, biofuels).

  • Real-time monitoring and data recording.

  • Safe operation with emergency shutdown mechanisms.

Applications:

1.      Educational Use:

  1. Demonstrates concepts like knocking, efficiency variations, and combustion dynamics.

2.      Research and Development:

  1. Investigates performance optimization for various fuels.

  2. Studies on combustion and emission reduction techniques.

  3. Validation of thermodynamic models for IC engines.

3.      Engine Calibration:

  1. Assists in calibrating modern engine control units (ECUs).

4.      Alternative Fuels Testing:

  1. Assesses the feasibility and efficiency of biofuels, hydrogen, and other alternatives.